Oil heater



C. H. BEAR OIL HEATER Original Filed April 11, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet k III,

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C. H. BEAR OIL HEATER Original Filed April 11, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 gnvewfo'c it. Patented F 1926.

fomrizo STATES PATENT 1 7 oFFrcE.

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on. HEATER.

Application flledlpril 11-, milk Serial No. 705,885. Renewed December 32,1926. I

To all whom/it concern:

- Be it known that I, CHARLES H. BEAR,

-.citizen of the United States, residing at gases to swirl into a mlxture,

York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania,- have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Heaters, of which the-following is a specification.

ThlS invention relates to. improvements in oil heaters to be used with the ordinary, furnaces and the like employed in heating dwellings, etc. n

One of' the objects of the invention is to provide a self-contained device suitable for .insulationin steam heating and hot water 5 boilers, hot air furnaces, "stoves,'etc., where temperature control is desired from one or more points, and the device is especially adapted for residences, apartments, hotels and small factories.-

Another object of the invention is to furnish an apparatus capable of burning oils of various gravities and for-feeding the oil by gravity, the device being designed to automatically control the combustion of the fuel. A

A further object of the invention is to furnish a novel burner especially ada ted for use with boilers, furnaces and the kc, and constructed to be controlled electrically by thermostats or the like from distant oints. s P Another andonev of theimost important features of the invention resides in the .fire pot, which is scientifically constructed in the form of a cup-shaped bowl capable of standing high temperatures over along period of time, and shaped to cause the combustion perfect combustible A further object of the invention is to furnish the 'fire pot with a heat difl'user of novel construction, which is formed froma special alloy casting, "so arranged and installed as to perfectly diffuse heat and temporarily hold gas in the combustion chamber for a suflicient length of time to maintain high temperatures to support perfect Another object is to provide what maybe termed "a siphon atomizer,. constructed so increase the velocity of the air at the point i where the oilis admitted, thus causing complete atomization of fuel and; correct mixing of air to suport any desired combustion. -With the oregoing objects outlined, and with other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel'features hereinafter described in detail, il strated in. the aceompanymg'drawings an more particularly pointed out in the appended claims. k Referring tonthe drawmgs, Fi -1 is a slde view partly in section and part y broken away of the main portion of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the siphon atomizer or fuel feeding nozzle;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional View of, the latter,-taken on line 0-1; of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional viewhf the oil feeding pipe provided with a branch 2 leading to the pipe 3, which feeds oil to the pilot burner 4 (see Fig. 4).

- The air is fed to the burner 5 by way of thepipe 6, which is connected to a fan 7 that may be driven and controlled in the ordinary manner. 1

8 designates a drain pipe extending from the burner 5 and adapted to discharge oil into a suitable receptacle when the burner is not in operation. The parts shown at the right hand portion ofFlg. 1 are of known construction, and it is therefore believedunnegessary to describe the same here, but it in con t rol the feed of the oil burner.

Arranged between the pipe 6- and the and air to the be stated that these parts automatically burner, is a siphonatomizer 9 consisting of an external sleeve 10 and an lnternal sleeve 11, the latter being spaced from the outer sleeve by webs 12 and a pipe 13. The pipe 13 receives the fuel oil from the pipe 1 and has an outlet port 14 whose axis is parallel to the axisv of the sleeve 11. It may be clearly seen from Fig. 2 that the port 14 is located within a restricted portion or neck 15' of the tube 11, so that air traveling through the last mentioned tube will 111- crease in velocity while passing the port 14,'and will, conseigiently, exert a strong suction action on t e pipe 1 in order to feed the oil. This mixture of oil and air issuing from the restricted part 15 will be surrounded by an annulus of air passing between the tubes 10 and 11 and all of these streams pass into the burner through the nozzle 16. The latter directs the mixture of air and fuel oil onto the ignition wall 17 referred to hereinafter.

It is pointed out at this time that the atomizer 9 and the-burner 5 form the imrtant features of the present invention and therefore pa icular attention is directed to these arts. Returning now to the burner, it will he noted that it consists of a bowl or cup 18, preferably provided with a a flat bottom 19 adapted to rest on a suitable support 20 within a furnace. This bottom has an upwardly extending shallow ring 21 formin a small receptacle adapted to contain wicking material for the purpose of igniting the fuel at the beginning of the o eration. A pilot burner 4 is arran ed 1- rectly above the rin 21 and below t e nozzle 16, and after this pilot burner has been ignited, the heat from the same will maintain,,the nozzleatasuitable temperature to vaporize the oil issuing from the siphon atomizer.

The bottom 19 also has an internal socket 22 to receive the stud 23 depending from the ignition wall 17. The latter is rovided 'at opposite sides with combs 24, t e teeth of which function to break up the mixture of oil and air discharged from the nozzle 16. This wall also acts as a divider to split the stream of air and fuel into two currents,

which will swirl around the interior of the '18, and this consists o bowl due to the pressure exerted on the air by the fan 7. After the burner has been heated up b the fire within the latter, the ignition wal 17 will tend to automatically ignite the mixture so that in effect, automatic combustion takes place and the ases.

of combustion are directed by the .wal 17 toward the circular wall of the bowl 18. Due to this action, the products of combustion will be entirely consumed and great heat will be enerated.

In or er to prevent the gases of combustion from escaping upwardly,.a heat diffuser 25 is arranged at the upper end of the bowl a ring 26 provided with an annular series of perforations or ports 27. A front arc-shaped bafile 28 depends from the ring 26 and abuts against the upper edge 29 of the bowl, so that the gases of combustion will not have a tendency to move forwardly into the bowl in the path of the stream of air'and oil issuing from the nozzle 16. The baflie 28 has three lugs 30, which rest on the upper edge 29 of the bowl and function as su portin legs for the front portion of the eat di user. A. rear leg 31 extends downwardly from the rear portion of the heat diffuser 25 and rests on the upper edge 32 of the bowl, this latter edge being arranged below the front edge 29, and the gases adapted to escape above the bowl.

When the device is not in use, and oil leaks into the bowl 18, this oil will be gathered in-the lower portion of the bowl and will flow outwardly through the pipe 8 into an suitable receptacle.

It wi 1 be understood that suitable valves 34 and 35 are arranged in the pipes 1 and 3 to control the passage of oil through these pipes.

'In 0 eration, the main supply of fuel oil is fed into the siphon atomizer 9 by way of the pipe 1 and this oil is entrained by the air from the fan 7. This mixture of air and finely atomized oil move through-the nozzle 16 under sufiicient pressure to cause the stream'to impinge against the wall 17, which divides the stream into two arts that automaticallytravel in opposite ireetions about the interior of the bowl 18, and as the gases of combustion are produced, these latter will travel upwardly and discharge through theopenin s 27, 33 and 36, where they will impart t eir heat to the boiler or the like. a

From the foregoing, it is believed that the construction, operation and advantages of the invention may be readily understood, and it is apparent that chan es may be made in the details illustrated without departing from the spirit of the invention as discussed in the claims.

Claims: I

1. In a fuel burning apparatus, a bowl provided at one-point on its riphery with an inwardly extendin nozz e adapted to discharge a mixture 0 air and oil into the bowl, and an ignition wall arranged within the bowl and provided with oppositely extending teeth, said wall being arranged-in frontAoff saiid) nozzle. 1

2. ue urning a aratus inc uding' a bowl provided at one ii le with an inwardly extending nozzle, a heat' difiuser resting on said bowl and including a ported ring provided with depend egs ada ted 'to rest on the upper ed baflie cooperating wit said legs and closin through the outlets 33 o sa1dbow,anda.

of combustion being the space at one location between the bow iao nozzle, an ignition wall in the bowl arranged in front of the nozzle and provided inner surface, a heat diffuser arranged at the top of the bowl and having a baflie abutting against one portion of the top edge of the bowl, and legs associated with the heat diffuser and resting on said bowl.

4. In a fuel burning apparatus, :3, bowl, a

mixing device for. supplylng a mlxture of.

air and oil into the bowl under suitable pressure, and an ignition wall arranged within the bowl and disposed in the path of travel of the incoming mixture, said wall being provided with oppositely extending sets of teeth.

5. In a fuel burning apparatus, a bowl, a mixing device for supplying a mixture of air and oil into the bowl under suitable ressure, and an i nition wall arranged wlthin the bowl and disposed in the path of travel of the incoming mixture, said wall embodying a body portion having angularly d1sposed surfaces, and sets of oppositely extending teeth formed upon said body portion adjacent to the outer edges of said angularly disposed surfaces.

6. In a fuel burning apparatus, a bowl having an outlet opening in its top, a mixlng device embodying a nozzle extending substantially horizontally through the side wall of said bowl to supply a mixture of air and oil into the bowl under suitable .pressure, and a substantially vertical ignition wall arranged within the bowl in the from the nozzle, said ignition wall embodying a body portion having angularly *disposed faces which converge toward the nozzle, and sets of spaced teeth formed upon the wall adjacent to the faces, said teeth havin their outer ends extended forwardly.

In a, fuel burning apparatus, a bowl having an outlet opening in its top, a nn'xing device embodying a nozzle extending substantially horizontally through the side wall of said bowl to supply a mixture of air and oil into the bowl under suitable pressure, and a substantially lvertical ignition wall arranged within the bowl in the path of travel of the mixture discharging from the nozzle, said ignition wall-embodying a body portion having angularly disposed faces which converge toward the noz zle, and sets ofspaced. teeth formed upon the-wall adjacent to the faces.

8. In a fuel burning apparatus, a'bowl provided with an opening at the top, a mixing device embodying nozzle extending substantially horizontally into the bowl, an ignition wall arranged substantially vertically within the bowl and in the path of travel of the gases from the nozzle, said ig-' nition wall bein provided upon its forward side with angu arly disposed faces which converge forwardly toward the nozzle, the apex of said faces being in alinement with a vertical plane through the nozzle, and a heat diffuser arranged upon the top of the bowl, embodying a ring provided with depending legs to engage with the said bowl, said ring having a plurality of openings formed therein, and a depending guard carried by the ring and engaging the upper portion of the bowl adjacent-to and over said nozzle.

In testimony whereof I aflix'my signature.

1 CHARLES H. BEAR. 

